Upper Respiratory Tract Infection - Medical Animation
This animation may only be used in support of a single legal proceeding and for no other purpose. Read our License Agreement for details. To license this image for other purposes, click here.
Upper Respiratory Tract Infection - Medical Animation
MEDICAL ANIMATION TRANSCRIPT: The upper respiratory tract consists of the nose, mouth, pharynx, and larynx. As air passes through them, these structures provide physical and immunologic barriers to infectious pathogens and other debris. In the nose, viruses, bacteria, and other debris stick to the mucus in the nasal passageway, while the nasal mucosa, warms and humidifies the air. The shape of the pharynx forces air to take a 90-degree turn downward. Larger airborne particles can't make the turn, so they get caught in the mucosa of the posterior wall instead. The palatine and pharyngeal tonsil contain immune cells that engulf and destroy pathogens that land on them. Air then passes through the larynx on its way to the lower respiratory tract. The common cold, also known as nasopharyngitis or acute rhinitis is the most common viral upper respiratory tract infection. Cold viruses, most commonly the rhinovirus, enter the body when contaminated hands touch the nose or mouth, or when virus-filled droplets in the air are inhaled. Then the virus invades the mucus membrane of the upper airway, resulting in an inflammation of the invaded areas. Inflammation of the nasal membranes can result in excessive mucus secretion, nasal congestion, inflammation of the paranasal sinuses, itching, and sneezing. Inflammation of the pharyngeal lining can result in a sore or scratchy throat, and painful or difficult swallowing. Laryngeal involvement can result in a cough. There is no cure for the common cold, so treatments focus on alleviating symptoms. Common lifestyle modifications include rest, and increased fluid intake. Medical options include Ibuprofen for inflammation, pain, and fever. Acetaminophen, for pain and fever. And oral decongestants, or nasal sprays to relieve nasal symptoms. Antibiotics are not used as they're only effective against bacteria, not viruses. ♪ [music] ♪
"I have found that the personalized medical illustrations prepared by Medical
Legal Art have been very accurate and helpful. The medical doctors, both
treating physicians and expert witnesses, have commented on the accuracy and
professionalism of the medical illustrations. Most importantly, your prompt
service and attention upon even short notice has been tremendous. I can
certainly say that the medical illustrations prepared by Medical Legal Art
have assisted us in bringing cases to a successful resolution."
Paul L. Redfearn
The Redfearn Law Firm, P.C.
Kansas City, MO
"Our practice involves medical negligence cases exclusively. We have six
attorneys and one physician on staff. We have used Medical Legal Art's
staff for every one of our cases over the past 12 years and have found their
services to be extraordinary. The transformation of medical records into
powerful graphic images has without fail been handled expertly,
expeditiously and effectively translating into superb results for our
clients, both in the courtroom and in settlement. Every case can benefit
from their excellent work and we unqualifiedly recommend their services.
They are the best!"
Chris Otorowski
Morrow and Otorowski
Bainbridge Island, Washington
www.medilaw.com
"Whether it's demonstrating a rotator cuff tear, neck movement a few
milliseconds after rear impact, or a proposed lumbar fusion, the Doe Report
represents an instant on-line database of medical illustration for
health-care and legal professionals.
Illustrations can be purchased 'as is' or modified within hours and sent
either electronically or mounted on posterboard. An illustration is worth a
thousand words, as juries perk up and look intently to capture concepts
that are otherwise too abstract. Start with good illustrations, a clear and
direct voice, a view of the jury as 12 medical students on day one of
training, and your expert testimony becomes a pleasure, even on cross
examination. An experienced trial lawyer should also emphasize these
illustrations at the end of trial, as a means of visually reinforcing key
concepts covered.
As a treating physician, I also use these accurate illustrations to educate
my own patients about their medical conditions. The Doe Report is an
invaluable resource, and its authors at MLA have always been a pleasure to
work with."
Richard E. Seroussi M.D., M.Sc.
Diplomate, American Boards of Electrodiagnostic Medicine and PM&R
Seattle Spine & Rehabilitation Medicine
www.seattlespine.info
"Your firm is great to work with and, most importantly for me, you get the
job done on time and with the utmost professionalism. You should be proud of
all those you employ, from KJ to Ben B. I've been especially pleased over
the years with the work of Brian and Alice, both of whom seem to tolerate my
idiosycratic compulsion to edit, but I've not found a bad apple in the bunch
(and, as you know, I've used your firm a bunch!).
I look forward to our continued professional relationship."
Kenneth J. Allen Kenneth Allen & Associates
Valparaiso, IN
Medical Legal Art creates medical demonstrative evidence (medical
illustrations, drawings, pictures, graphics, charts, medical animations,
anatomical models, and interactive presentations) for use during legal
proceedings, including research, demand letters, client conferences,
depositions, arbitrations, mediations, settlement conferences, mock jury
trials and for use in the courtroom. We do not provide legal or medical
advice. If you have legal questions, you should find a lawyer with whom you
can discuss your case issues. If you have medical questions, you should seek the advice of a healthcare provider.
